Bravery and Motivation in the American Civil War: Understanding the Unlikely Heroism of Battle
Human beings are herd animals. This fact is beautifully harnessed in the psychology and training of military personnel. Soldiers spend 24/7 with their company, a tight-knit group that often resembles a family. Soldiers are highly motivated to gain the esteem and loyalty of their fellow soldiers, and cowardice is simply not an option.
The Power of Motivation and Honor
‘Death before dishonor’ remains a powerful slogan for young men, especially in warfare. Even today, despite no longer being in the prime of life, I can still feel the pull of this mentality. The desire to maintain honor and protect one's reputation is a driving force for many soldiers, making them willing to face dire situations.
The Strategies of Survival
Young soldiers often employ various strategies to increase their chances of survival while maintaining their heroic image. During World War I, for example, Robert Graves volunteered for daring night missions. His primary motivation was not heroism, but rather the chance to receive a 'million-dollar wound.' These wounds would be severe enough to leave the soldier out of combat but not so serious that they would die, allowing for a full recovery.
Battle Bravery in the American Civil War
Despite the grim realities of the American Civil War, it is remarkable how soldiers were willing to keep fighting despite the thousands of casualties. A significant number of them exhibited extreme bravery, patriotism, and courage. Knowing that they were witnessing one of history's most critical moments, these soldiers were determined to leave their mark, even at great personal cost.
The Desertion Rates and Motivations
Records show that the 20% desertion rate on both sides of the Civil War was among the highest in American history. However, this large number does not reflect the overall commitment and bravery of the soldiers who stayed in combat. For those who did fight, the pay, food, and punishment for desertion provided a strong incentive to continue.
The Human Side of Soldiers
These soldiers were not just blindly brave; they were hard, realistic people who genuinely believed in what they were doing. They understood the risks and were committed to their beliefs and comrades. Frightening as it is to imagine rushing towards cannon fire or standing in ranks under enemy fire, the bond between soldiers is profound. The fear of shame for running, the fear of letting your fellow soldiers down, and the desire to stand by your comrades all played a crucial role in their motivations.
Despite the horrors they faced, the soldiers of the American Civil War displayed an extraordinary level of courage and resilience. Their unwavering commitment to their comrades and beliefs illustrates the potent mix of fear, honor, and camaraderie that can drive individuals to face impossible odds. The stories of these brave souls continue to inspire us today, reminding us of the complex motivations that drive human behavior in times of crisis.