Great French Presidents: Georges Pompidou and His Legacy
Introduction to Georges Pompidou
Georges Pompidou, born on August 17, 1911, was a significant figure in French politics and economy. Though not as well-known as other presidents like Charles de Gaulle, Pompidou's impact on modern France was profound and lasting. Most people are familiar with the Centre Pompidou in Paris, a testament to his vision, but few know the extent of his contributions.Georges Pompidou's Background
Pompidou was a unique individual, a man whose first love was classical Greek literature but who embraced modern France's transformation with both understanding and enthusiasm. His paradoxical nature made him an intriguing character in French history. During World War II, he was not driven by heroism or collaboration; instead, he maintained a low profile, editing a history of French poetry.It was during his association with Charles de Gaulle that Pompidou truly emerged as a powerful figure. De Gaulle recognized his deep understanding of the average French psyche, appointing him to run his cabinet and later making him Prime Minister. When de Gaulle stepped down, Pompidou took over the presidency, continuing the modernization of France.
The Modernization of France
One of Pompidou's primary goals was to modernize France, integrating the country into the new global order shaped by post-World War II developments. His approach was multifaceted, involving significant industrial, urban, and technological advancements.Industrial Development
To address the changing global landscape, Pompidou established new business areas outside of traditional Paris, such as le quartier de la Défense. Major industrial projects like Usinor/Dunkerque on the North Sea and For sur Mer near Marseille epitomized the modern France he envisioned. These industries were among the leading in Europe at the time, ensuring France maintained its competitive edge.Urban Expansion and Infrastructure
The population of Paris was expanding rapidly, and to accommodate this growth, new cities like Créteil, Cergy-Pontoise, and others were created around the capital. To improve urban life, measures were put in place to enhance transportation and infrastructure. A ring road around Paris and a fast lane along the Seine were completed, alongside a fast subway (RER), all contributing to better mobility within the capital.The Student Revolt and Legacy
In 1968, a significant student revolt rocked France. De Gaulle, unable to handle the situation, considered sending troops to restore order, but Pompidou opted for a more cautious and less violent approach. His background as a professor likely contributed to his diplomatic handling of the situation. Despite his effective management, he faced health issues, leading to his early death in 1974.Despite not completing his term, Pompidou left behind a substantial legacy known as "les trente glorieuses," a period of rapid economic growth and societal adaptation to a changing global environment. His vision for modern France was both ambitious and practical, ensuring that France remained a key player in the modern world.