Indonesia's Role as the Regional Power in Southeast Asia: Strategies and Aspirations
Indonesia is often seen as the regional power in Southeast Asia, but its role and influence within the region are more nuanced than its size and population would suggest. While Indonesia possesses significant potential to act as a true regional power, its philosophy of respecting sovereignty aligns with the principles of ASEAN, creating a cautious and measured approach to its regional responsibilities.
ASEAN Integration and Leadership
As part of ASEAN, Indonesia plays a crucial but not necessarily leading role. The Treaty of Amity and Cooperation (TAC) in 1976 guides the member states to respect each other's sovereignty and non-intervention. This principle has influenced Indonesia and other member states to refrain from openly criticizing one another's internal affairs.
Despite these constraints, under President Joko Widodo (Jokowi), Indonesia has taken a more proactive role in regional affairs, especially during the Myanmar coup of 2021. Jokowi has envisioned an ambitious future for Indonesia through the Golden Indonesia 2045 project, which aims to transform the country into a global leader in various sectors.
Strategies for ASEAN Leadership
Given Indonesia's potential influence and the need for a more integrated ASEAN, here are some strategic steps that Indonesia could take to better position itself as a regional power:
Play a Larger Role within ASEAN: Actively engage in decision-making processes and initiatives within ASEAN to promote a more integrated bloc.
Unite Indonesian and Malay Languages: Collaborate with Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei to streamline the use of the Indonesian and Malay languages in official settings and education.
Invest More in Member States: Foster economic growth and development by investing in ASEAN countries and encouraging reciprocal investments.
Grant Dual Nationality: Simplify the process for citizens of ASEAN member states to gain dual nationality, thus enhancing their connections with Indonesia.
Political and Economic Integration: Work towards a deeper political union and a more integrated economic system within ASEAN.
Enhance Southeast Asian Identity: Promote a shared identity and a common culture that transcends national boundaries.
Deepen Member State Cooperation: Encourage closer collaboration between member states to strengthen the unity and resilience of ASEAN.
Indonesia as a Sovereign and Independent Nation
Beyond its role in ASEAN, Indonesia can leverage its status as a sovereign and independent nation to further enhance its influence as a major power. Here are some strategies to achieve this:
Look East towards the Pacific Islands: Strengthen ties with Pacific Island countries through cultural and economic initiatives, ensuring that no potential threats arise and that Indonesia's interests are protected.
Invest in East Timor: Develop economic relationships with East Timor, investing heavily in its development to prevent foreign powers from establishing military bases. This includes encouraging mutual economic cooperation and promoting infrastructure development in both East and West Timor.
Invest in Africa: Leverage the growing importance of Africa in global geopolitics by investing in various African nations and fostering partnerships. This can help create new markets for Indonesian goods and services while also expanding Indonesia's influence on the international stage.
Strengthen Military Capability: Enhance Indonesia's military capacity significantly to position itself as a dominant regional power. Ensuring a strong and capable military is essential for deterrence and regional stability.
Conclusion
As the regional power in Southeast Asia, Indonesia has the potential to significantly impact the region and beyond. By strategically engaging with its neighbors, fostering economic and cultural cooperation, and strengthening its military capabilities, Indonesia can realize its aspirations of becoming a major global power.
These steps require concerted efforts and commitment from the Indonesian government and populace to transform the nation's vision into reality.