NATO’s New Strategy: Building Armed Forces Along Russia’s Borders
The modern geopolitical landscape has prompted NATO to adopt a new strategy, with the United States in particular contributing significantly to the strengthening of armed forces in the Baltic states and other regions near Russia's borders. This shift from the previous Cold War era has raised questions and concerns about the motivations and methods behind this deployment.
The Evolution of NATO Strategy
Compared to the first Cold War, when NATO did not deploy strong forces close to the Russian border, the current situation has seen a significant change. The new strategy involves:
The hosting of strong combined arms combat groups on a rotational basis from major NATO members (USA, UK, France, Canada, Germany) in more vulnerable NATO member states bordering Russia like the Baltic States. This is done to enhance their defensive capabilities until major NATO forces arrive. The establishment of the 320,000-man NATO Ready Reaction Force in Poland, featuring extensive bases that can pre-position large amounts of heavy weaponry, ammunition, and logistics. These resources can be quickly mobilized when needed. The immediate first response involving airpower and long-range missile strikes. Romania is identified as the primary NATO base for the following assets: Reconnaissance and Electronic Warfare (EW) drones and aircraft for surveillance Air dominance fighters such as the F-22s and F-15s supported by AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control Systems) Strike power from a combination of European and US jets, also supported by AWACS Further away assets from the Mediterranean and Barents Sea to the US-based stealth strategic bombers are on call.The Purpose of this Deployment
The primary goal of this expanded NATO presence near the borders is to deter a Russian attack. If deterrence fails, NATO is prepared to fight with the objective of holding the line for 30 minutes until other NATO allies' planes and missiles arrive.
The Question of Proximity
One of the key considerations in the deployment strategy is the definition of proximity. There are not many NATO member states that are geographically close to Russia. The Baltic states and Finland are the closest, along with the small exclave of Kaliningrad within NATO territory. Poland shares a border with Belarus, a country that frequently causes trouble in the region. Therefore, it makes sense to have military bases near Belarus and de facto Russia.
Military bases are established where they make strategic sense, with no other consideration. This approach ensures maximum effectiveness and flexibility in responding to potential threats.
The Consequences and Implications
The deployment of these military assets has significant implications for both NATO and Russia. It reflects the ongoing tensions and the need for a robust defense posture. The NATO members involved are demonstrating their commitment to collective security, while Russia's response may range from diplomatic to military actions.
The future of this strategy will depend on the evolving geopolitical environment and the actions taken by both sides. It is crucial for all stakeholders to understand the reasons behind this deployment and the potential outcomes of such a strategic decision.