Puerto Rico's Contributions to the United States: Beyond Economics and Military Support

The island of Puerto Rico, often overshadowed in discussions about U.S. territories, has played a significant role in the economic, military, and cultural fabric of the United States for over two centuries. Although perpetually portrayed as merely an economic burden, Puerto Rico's contributions go far beyond its pharmaceutical manufacturing output and defense efforts. This article delves into these contributions and highlights the multifaceted nature of Puerto Rico's ties with the U.S.

Economic Contributions

Despite its limited landmass (10,359 square miles), Puerto Rico has emerged as a major pharmaceutical and manufacturing hub, producing 80% of all U.S. pharmaceutical drugs. The largest pharmaceutical companies active in Puerto Rico include Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Baxter, BD, Biocorvail, and Pfizer. This industry has contributed significantly to the U.S. economy, with Puerto Rico manufacturing drugs worth billions annually.

Puerto Rico's strategic location in the Caribbean also serves as a key military asset for the U.S. The island controls one of the main corridors of the Caribbean, enabling the U.S. to defend the region more efficiently. The island's potential for oil and mineral deposits, including gold, further enhances its economic value.

Historical Military Support

A significant aspect of Puerto Rico's contributions to the United States is its strong military support. Puerto Ricans have fought in every major U.S. conflict, including the American Revolutionary War, Civil War, World War I, and II, the Korean War, and more recently, in the Middle East. For instance, during the American Revolutionary War, Puerto Rico provided crucial support to the American colonies through funding and supplies. More recently, approximately 61,000 Puerto Ricans served in the U.S. Army during the Korean War, with 743 losing their lives and 2,318 sustaining injuries. Today, the 1st Battalion of the 65th Infantry continues to serve the U.S. Army, upholding a proud tradition of over a century of service.

Cultural Impact

Puerto Rico's cultural contributions to the United States are equally profound. The island has produced numerous renowned figures in various fields, including music, literature, and the arts. Some notable personalities include:

Musician and composer Juan Morrell Campos, known for his danzas. Cellist Pablo Casals. Composer and poet Jesus Maria Sanroma. Dramatist, novelist, and poet Alejandro Tapia. Essayist and philosopher Eugenio Maria de Hostos y Bonilla. Poet, essayist, and journalist Jose Gautier Benitez. Poet Luis Llorens Torres. Essayist and novelist Ramon Rivero. Poet and actor Luis Pales Matos. Poet Evaristo Ribera Chevremont. Comedian and actor Tomas Blanco Geigel. Renowned guitarist Jose Feliciano. Vaudeville performer and actor Rafael Hernandez. Medical professionals like Antonia C. Novello, U.S. Surgeon General, and Enrique Mendez, U.S. Deputy Surgeon General. Boy in World Series, Roberto Clemente. Actor and director Angel Tomas Cordero Jr.

Other notable personalities include Ricky Martin, Jimmy Smits, Sammie Davis Jr., Gigi Fernandez, and many more, ranging from actors to astronauts, judges, and literary figures. These individuals have not only enriched Puerto Rican culture but have also made significant contributions to U.S. culture in various fields.

Hidden Economic Growth

Finally, it is essential to consider the hidden economic growth factors in Puerto Rico. The island's underground economy, which includes businesses accepting only "cash" transactions, further adds to its economic activity. According to estimates, around $21 billion is unaccounted for, leading to an underreported average household income of approximately $48,000 per year. This hidden economy highlights the complexity of Puerto Rico's economic situation and challenges the simplified narrative of poverty and underdevelopment.