Introduction

Robert E. Lee, a distinguished officer in the early 19th century, played a notable role at the time of Harpers Ferry. This essay delves into his rank and deeds during the crisis, as well as his promotion to different ranks. Let's explore the relevance of Lee's rank and his actions at Harpers Ferry.

Rank and Appointment at Harpers Ferry

Colonel in Virginia (1859)

When John Brown, an abolitionist, launched a slave revolt by invading Harpers Ferry, Virginia, it sparked immediate action from the local authorities. Colonel Robert E. Lee was called upon to assist in putting down the rebellion. His role included working alongside Captain J.E.B. Stuart to suppress the insurrection.

Lee's orders involved storming the fort, rescuing hostages, and capturing John Brown and his supporters. Among the hostages was a relative of President George Washington, which underscored the significance of the operation.

Rank Changes and Strategic Considerations

Lieutenant Colonel on Leave (1859-1860)

During the period of the Harpers Ferry incident, Lee was serving as a Lieutenant Colonel on leave. However, his situation changed dramatically when he was recalled to manage the Custis Estate as the executor (utor) of Martha Custis Washington's will. This strategic move allowed him to focus on managing the estate while also being available for military service if needed.

Tragically, Lee was involved in another incident, having to storm Bull Run in 1861, highlighting the continuous military engagements he faced during this period.

Command of the Marines and Militia Units

Around the time of the Harpers Ferry incident, General Winfield Scott tasked Lee with leading the Marines and Militia Units. This was a crucial appointment, considering the upcoming Civil War. Lee's presence was essential for stability and to maintain control over the region.

Promotion to Colonel

By March 1861, Lee's rank was officially promoted to Full Colonel. This promotion was significant and came alongside other promotions, including his promotion to General.

Lincoln's strategic decision to appoint Lee as a General for the Union forces is often debated. It is possible that Lincoln was influenced by General Scott's recommendation. However, another possibility is that Lincoln was looking for a prominent southern figure to command the Union forces, thus enhancing public relations.

Conclusion

Robert E. Lee's rank and actions at Harpers Ferry reflect his significant role in the 19th century military landscape. His position as a Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel were crucial during the turbulent times of the Harpers Ferry incident. His subsequent promotion to Full Colonel and the leadership positions he held are testament to his military prowess and strategic value.