The Safest Cities for Women in India: Mumbai and Beyond

When asked which city in India is the safest for women, the answer may vary depending on the specific context. As of 2023, urban areas like Mumbai have shown remarkable improvements in terms of violence against women. However, the issue of women's safety remains a significant concern, particularly in rural and semi-urban regions.

The Prevalence of Violence Against Women in India

According to a 2020 study titled Prevalence of Domestic Violence against Women in Informal Settlements in Mumbai, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Mumbai leads the way with significantly lower rates of domestic violence. The study found that 13% of women in Mumbai experienced domestic violence, a stark contrast to the national average. However, the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) 2018 report revealed that 'Cruelty by Husband or His Relatives' was the most common form of violence against women, accounting for 31.9% of all reported cases.

The Complexity of Safety in India

The question is not only about which city women can stay in but also about which homes provide safety and security. In India, violence against women is not confined to any single city or state. According to a 2019 study titled Domestic Violence and Its Determinants Among 15-49-Year-Old Women in a Rural Block in South India, 77.5% of women in rural areas reported experiencing violence, with 40% experiencing severe violence. This statistic underscores the severity of the problem in rural settings.

Marital rape remains uncriminalized in India, and domestic violence continues to be treated as a family matter by most courts. Therefore, the quest for the safest city takes on a different dimension when considering the broader context of societal norms and legal measures. While urban centers like Mumbai show promise, the challenges faced by women in rural areas are alarming.

Personal Safety and Practical Tips

While certain cities may offer relative safety, individual vigilance is crucial. Women should be cautious and take necessary precautions, especially in areas where safety measures are lacking. Here are some tips to help women stay safe:

Carry a pepper spray and test it regularly to ensure it’s functional. Practice using the spray and running simultaneously. Avoid staying alone in areas with liquor shops or other places where intoxicated men gather. Avoid roaming with male relatives in small towns or villages, especially after dusk. Trusted cab drivers can be vetted by sending pictures of their license plates to friends or family members before taking a ride. Stay connected with a mobile phone for unexpected situations.

These measures are necessary steps every woman should take, no matter the city or situation. While some may find the attitude towards women oppressive, it is important to recognize the structural and systemic changes needed to improve safety for all individuals.

A Call for Gender Equality

While these precautions are vital, addressing the root causes of gender inequality is equally important. The societal mindset that views women as weak and defenseless, and the prevalence of sexual harassment and female-friendly laws, are major contributors to the issue. Both men and women need to play a role in changing these attitudes and advocating for a safer environment for everyone.

India is not safe for women without these necessary precautions, and addressing the societal norms and legal structures that perpetuate violence is crucial. While safety measures are essential, a comprehensive approach that includes awareness, education, and legislation can help make significant strides towards creating safer cities for women in India.