The Shades of William F. Buckley Jr.: From Racist Beliefs to Progressive Stances

Introduction

William F. Buckley Jr., a celebrated American writer and conservative intellectual, is often remembered for his contributions to the American political and cultural landscape. However, like many complex figures of history, hisviews on race have been a subject of considerable debate and scrutiny. This article explores the evolution of Buckley’s views on race, from his early support of segregation to his later support of civil rights.

Early Racism and Support for Segregation

For a considerable portion of his career, Buckley supported segregationist views and believed that white people were superior to black people. In a widely cited article titled “Negroes and White Guilt,” published in National Review in 1961, he articulated these views:

“The sobering answer is Yes — the White Community is so entitled because for the time being it is the advanced race. It is not easy and it is unpleasant to adduce statistics evidencing the median cultural superiority of White over Negro: but it is a fact that obtrudes one that cannot be hidden by ever-so-busy egalitarians and anthropologists.”

In this article, Buckley not only supported segregation but also argued that the superior cultural and racial standing of white people justified the maintenance of a racially divided society. He further stated that the white community's "civilized standards" should take precedence over the demands of democratic equality.

Moderating Views and Changing Stances

Despite the persistence of these racist views, it is important to note that Buckley’s stance did evolve over time. As the Civil Rights Movement gained momentum and racial tensions escalated, Buckley began to distance himself from segregationist beliefs and expressed regret for his earlier views. In his later years, he became more supportive of civil rights measures and, at times, even apologized for his past statements.

In a famous quotation from the aforementioned article, Buckley admitted: “I once believed we could evolve our way up from Jim Crow. I was wrong. Federal intervention was necessary.” This statement reflects a significant shift in his views, acknowledging the necessity of government action to enforce civil rights.

Posture and Public Perception

Buckley's evolution from a supporter of segregation to a proponent of civil rights can be seen as a response to the changing social and political climate. By the 1960s, the civil rights movement was gaining significant traction, and the language of equality and justice became more prevalent in public discourse. Buckley, aware of these changes, adjusted his rhetoric to align more closely with the prevailing sentiments of the time.

However, the impact of these earlier racist views cannot be entirely erased. Buckley’s association with and defense of segregationist ideas colored his legacy, and this aspect of his career is often cited as a testament to the persistent nature of racial biases in conservative circles.

Conclusion

William F. Buckley Jr. was, indeed, a racist. However, his evolution from a proponent of segregation to a proponent of civil rights highlights the complexities of human behavior and the possibility of change. While personal biases are often deeply rooted and can persist despite significant external pressures, it is important to recognize that individuals can and do change their perspectives over time. Buckley's journey from his earlier views to his later support of civil rights serves as a cautionary tale about the enduring impact of past beliefs and the ongoing need for self-reflection and societal progress.