The Truth Behind the Forrestal Disaster: Dissecting the Missiles and Pilots
The naval incident on the USS Forrestal in 1967 is a crucial chapter in aviation and military history. The event, which involved a missile 'cooking off,' led to significant loss of life and widespread questions about the roles of both aircraft and their pilots. Let's delve into the details and shed light on the truth behind the misunderstandings and conspiracy theories surrounding this tragic event.
Background of the Incident
The USS Forrestal, a U.S. Navy aircraft carrier, was on a training mission when a missile exploded onboard in July 1967. This incident, known as the Forrestal disaster, led to the loss of over 200 lives and injured many more. A chain reaction of events ultimately resulted in the destruction of multiple aircraft and the dispersal of several types of weaponry, including Zuni rockets and AN-M65A1 Fat Boy bombs. Among those on board was future U.S. Senator John McCain, a pilot in a Grumman A-4 Skyhawk.
Role of John McCain in the Disaster
John McCain and his fellow A-4 pilots operated with 12 aircraft, supported by at least 3 A-6 Intruders, each carrying a crew of two. Additionally, an ECM (Electronic Countermeasure) A-6 likely had four crew members aboard, along with 12 F-4 Phantom II fighters, each with a pilot and Radar Intercept Officer (RIO).
It's important to clarify that while John McCain was indeed on the USS Forrestal during the disaster, he was not the pilot who caused the missile to 'cook off.' The explosion was a result of an F4B Phantom II's missile, and it was not an aircraft from the A-4 squadron. This confusion has persisted, leading to misattributions and even attempts to smear McCain's wartime legacy.
Causes and Mehanisms of the Disaster
The incident that led to the 'cooking off' of the missile was caused by a combination of factors, including electrical issues with the Zuni rockets and the age and deteriorating condition of the AN-M65A1 Fat Boy bombs.
According to historical records, Zuni rockets had well-documented electrical problems that could trigger accidental misfires. These rockets and the bombs were stored on the deck of the USS Forrestal, a common practice for immediate use. Some of the bombs were up to 10-15 years old and had been stored in the open in Guam, leading to the degeneration of the 'Composition B' explosive inside the Fat Boy bombs.
A surge in power supply in an F4B Phantom II caused the Zuni rocket on board to launch, striking an A-4 Skyhawk next to McCain. This impact likely caused the Fat Boy bombs, either one or two, to fall into the area affected by the initial missile explosion and the resulting fires.
Role of the Pilots
Despite the tragic circumstances, the pilots involved in the disaster, including John McCain, did their best to manage the situation. McCain, in particular, used the refueling probe to help him and his crew escape the flames. His actions underscores the bravery and dedication of military pilots in dangerous situations.
Maj. William Jukich, a retired U.S. Marine Corps Harrier Attack Pilot, emphasizes the critical nature of the duties performed by military personnel. He argues that the sacrifice of these men and women, including McCain, should be remembered for their bravery and service to their country, rather than being subjected to unfounded accusations and smear campaigns.
Historical Context and Legacy
The Forrestal disaster remains a significant event in naval history. It led to extensive investigations and reforms in military aviation safety. The legacy of the incident includes a renewed focus on the importance of aircraft maintenance, the use of electronic warfare, and the training of pilots and crew members.
The acknowledgment of the facts surrounding the event serves not only to honor those who died but also to educate future generations about the importance of accountability and transparency in military operations. It also highlights the heroism of individuals like John McCain, who faced harrowing circumstances and emerged as a symbol of resilience and service.
Conclusion
The truth behind the Forrestal disaster is clear. While John McCain was present during the incident, his actions and bravery are well-documented. The 'cooking off' of the missile was a tragic consequence of faulty equipment and storage conditions, not a result of any action by McCain or his fellow pilots.
The legacy of the USS Forrestal and its crew, including John McCain, should be celebrated for their service and sacrifices. Misinformation and conspiracy theories do a disservice to those who gave their lives in the line of duty. The facts, as documented and analyzed, paint a clear picture of the events that unfolded and the importance of accuracy in historical accounts.