What Happened to Union Commanders After the US Civil War: An Overview

The aftermath of the US Civil War saw a diverse trajectory for the military commanders who led the Union forces. This article delves into the post-war lives and careers of several prominent Union commanders including Ulysses S. Grant, George McClellan, Fitz John Porter, Ambrose Burnside, and others. Their paths varied significantly, reflecting a range of public and private roles.

Grant: From General to President

Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th President of the United States: Serving as Ulysses S. Grant's General-in-Chief, Grant rose to the highest rank in the Union Army and later became the 18th president of the United States. After he stepped down as president, he returned to the military, serving as the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and then as the Army Chief of Staff. Grant's political career was highly active, and he played a significant role in national affairs. Even in private life, he was engaged in various business ventures and philanthropic activities, embodying a successful post-war transition.

McClellan: Multiple Ventures Post-Civil War

George McClellan, One-Term Politician: McClellan, who had served as a general in the Union Army, stayed active in both politics and business. After serving a single term as the Governor of New Jersey, he ran for president in 1864 against his former commander, Abraham Lincoln. McClellan's post-war career included various business ventures, indicating a versatile and enterprising nature.

Pope: Military and Political Career Continues

Fitz John Porter, Exonerated and Commuted: Fitz John Porter, the commander of V Corps during the Second Battle of Bull Run, faced a court-martial and was convicted. However, in 1878, he was exonerated by a court of inquiry. Eight years later, his sentence was commuted, and Congress restored his rank as a colonel in the Regular Army. Porter retired shortly after, ending his active military career. Nevertheless, he remained involved in post-war politics, further demonstrating the broad impact of the war on his life.

Burnside: Activism in Politics and Business

Ambrose Burnside, Unifier of the NRA: Ambrose Burnside, a prominent general, has a unique story. After the war, he entered politics and became the first president of the National Rifle Association (NRA). Burnside's post-war career was characterized by a strong engagement in both political and business spheres, including his entrepreneurial undertakings, showcasing a diverse and vibrant life post-war.

Other Commanders: Diverse Paths

Several other prominent Union commanders followed varied paths after the Civil War. Irvin McDowell and Daniel Sickles remained active in the military, with McDowell serving in various capacities and Sickles taking on roles in foreign affairs. Joseph Hooker had a notable military career and held political positions until a stroke forced his retirement. Meanwhile, George G. Meade, the commander at the Battle of Gettysburg, continued his military career while also holding politucal offices, making contributions to both fields.

Conclusion

The trajectories of Union commanders post-Civil War varied widely, reflecting the complexities of life after such a defining historical event. Their careers ranged from active military service to high positions in politics, to business ventures, and even scientific achievements. This diverse range of post-war careers not only signifies a successful transition but also reflects the broader impact of the Civil War on personal and professional lives.