Why is it Hot on December 25th in Canberra?
December 25th, commonly known as Christmas Day, is a warm and often hot day in Canberra, the capital city of Australia. This phenomenon is influenced by the unique climate patterns of the Southern Hemisphere and specific geographical and meteorological conditions. Let's explore why temperatures soar during this time.
Understanding the Climate in Canberra
Canberra, located near Australia's alpine region, is classified as having a Mediterranean-style climate. This includes hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The sun's position and the influence of atmospheric high pressure systems play crucial roles in shaping the climate.
The Influence of High Pressure Systems and the Tropic of Capricorn
During winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the sun is directly overhead in the Southern Hemisphere. By the time the sun reaches the Tropic of Capricorn on December 21st, it is already relatively close to Canberra. This means that as the Earth continues to tilt further towards the Southern Hemisphere, the sun's rays become more direct, leading to warmer temperatures.
Additionally, high pressure systems typically sit over the centre of Australia in December. These systems cause winds to flow from the interior towards the coast. This means that as the inland areas heat up, the high pressure system drives warm conditions towards Canberra. Melbourne, located further south, can experience even higher temperatures at times, with 1-1.5 weeks reaching over 38°C (100°F).
Why December 25th is Particularly Warm
The 25th of December falls within the middle of the Australian Summer. By this time, the sun has already been on the Southern Hemisphere for some time, leading to generally warmer temperatures. Canberra, being an inland city, is less affected by the cooling ocean breezes. This makes it a place prone to high temperatures even in the middle of summer.
Another reason for the warmth is the historical context of Canberra's location. The original site, used as a pastoral grazing station, was selected and developed into a capital city, which did not consider the best possible site. A more suitable location might have been on the southern coastal area of New South Wales, including the Jervis Bay area, which has a more temperate coastal climate.
Concluding Thoughts
The hot weather on December 25th in Canberra is the result of natural climatic factors and geographical location. Understanding these factors can help in better planning and enjoying festive activities despite the warmth.
So, while December 25th might not be the coldest time in Canberra, it is certainly not the time to pack your winter wear. Instead, embrace the warmth and planning for cooler activities can make the day even more enjoyable.